Duncan's rule over his people is quite different from Macbeth's because the two use vastly different methods of motivating people. Duncan seems to use positive reinforcement; for example, he rewards Macbeth for his great service to Scotland during the battles with which the play begins by giving him a new title. Duncan rewards people for their loyalty and friendship to the crown. Macbeth, on the other hand, tends to use negative reinforcement. He does not trust his countrymen and subjects, and actually employs a spy in all the nobles' homes. Further, when they behave in ways that he does not like, he punishes them, but does not reward them for their loyalty to him. Duncan rules with kindness; Macbeth, with fear. Duncan gives to Scotland; Macbeth takes all he can from it.
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