What is the central message of the poem "Peter Street" by Peter Sirr?

The main message of this contemporary poem is that it is good to let go of grief over the death of a loved one—and beyond that, it conveys that the imagination has the power to heal and replace sadness with joy.
In the poem, the speaker passes the place where a hospital once stood, the hospital in which his father died. The speaker looks at the site and thinks that he "almost pray[s] some ache remain." In other words, he wishes, for a fleeting moment, that he could feel some grief. The key word, however, is "almost." The speaker doesn't really wish to grieve. As he says, "Forget all that." Instead, he decides to imagine the place of his father's death is a "marvelous house" in which he would hear music and "St. Valentine's stubborn heart"—love—would set his father free to be healthy and whole.
The speaker's father will never be alive again, but the speaker has the imaginative power to retell the story as he wishes and envision him in a positive way.

The central message of "Peter Street" is that although the world changes and people die, the memories of who they were and how they impacted those who knew them don't disappear. Instead, those memories are carried on in the hearts of those who knew the deceased and can be called upon in times of distress. When the narrator walks down the street, he remembers the hospital where his father spent his last days. At first, he misses being able to see his father's face in the window. Because of this, the fact that the hospital has been torn down and turned into a building site saddens him. But as he walks along, he realizes that even if the hospital had remained, it still would not bring back his father. Instead, his father remains in his memory. In his memory, he is able to see more of who his father was and how he made his mark on the world. Because of this, he is at peace with losing the last tangible evidence of the place his father spent his last days. He looks at the building site with hope rather than sadness. He hopes that the new building will bring a vibrance back to the street in much the same way that the memory of his father brings happiness to him. 
https://www.lyrikline.org/en/poems/peter-street-8451

The central message of the poem is that while people die, their memories never do, and it's up to the survivors to decide what to do with those memories. When the narrator passes the site where his father once looked down from his hospital bed, the narrator feels loss when he sees a construction site where the hospital once stood. At first, the narrator wishes for some trace of his father, the father he was loathe to leave and who he stared up at in the window of the hospital. However, in the end, the narrator hopes that the site where the hospital once stood will be turned into a joyful house that will take away the traces of pain that remain from the father's suffering soul. The narrator holds the memory of his father when he walks by the site of the old hospital, but he wishes that the new construction will turn his memory from something sorrowful to something joyful. 

How is Jerry's beach different from his mother's?

As a young boy, Jerry is naturally curious about the world around him. He's full of adventure and so wants to join the local boys in exploring the wild and rocky bay. This rugged landscape is far removed from the touristy beach where Jerry's mother prefers to stay. Jerry's mother seems quite happy to remain in so-called civilization among all the other people on the crowded beach. But not Jerry. His sense of wonder leads him to head on out to the rocks.
As well as being a place of excitement, the rocky bay is a place of danger. (In fact, the two go together). But it is only through experiencing life's dangers that Jerry will ever be able to mature. He can't be mollycoddled by his mother forever. The safe, crowded tourist beach where Jerry's mother stays stands as a metaphor for the childhood that Jerry wishes to leave behind to enter into manhood.

Jerry's mother's beach seems "safe" to him, like a place for children to go and be looked after by their parents. His beach, however, is "wild" and rocky. Rocks lie like "monsters" on the ocean floor, and the water is colored like bruises. The "rough, sharp rock" of Jerry's beach contrasts with his mother's much more typical, vacation-like beach where she sits with her umbrella, which looks like a "slice of orange" to Jerry from his dangerous beach. The water of his beach is shocking to the limbs due to the "irregular, cold currents" that seem to come in from the much deeper waters. Local boys who are several years older than he swim at his beach, splashing and playing, and they seem like "men, to Jerry." Jerry's mother's beach becomes associated, at least in his mind, with children and safety, and he associates his wild beach with independence and adulthood.

Do you think "Old Love" by Jeffrey Archer is an amusing account of two Oxford graduates whose intellectual competitiveness becomes a basis for love and marriage?

"Old Love" makes the argument that competition—in this case, competition over grades and academic distinction—can form the basis for a lifetime of love. The two main characters, Philippa and William, are linked from the beginning of their college careers as the brightest students of their year. They are so evenly matched in their abilities that neither can claim superiority over the other. At first, it seems that their similarity to each other, and their need to compete, will drive them apart.
The story turns on their competition for the Charles Oldham prize. They both exert themselves to the fullest in preparing their essays, but Philippa, William discovers, is burdened by the recent death of her father. His response to his rival's pain is (surprisingly) empathetic: he makes some gentle inquiries:

"How did he die?"
"Cancer, only he never let me know.
"He asked me not to go home before the summer term as he felt the break might interfere with my finals and the Charles Oldham. While all the time he must have been keeping me away because he knew if I saw the state he was in that would have been the end of my completing any serious work."
"Where do you live?" asked William, again surprised that he did not know.
"Brockenhurst. In Hampshire. I'm going back there tomorrow morning. The funeral's on Wednesday."
"May I take you?" asked William.
Philippa looked up and was aware of a softness in her adversary's eyes that she had not seen before. "That would be kind, William."

William's decision to drive Philippa to her father's funeral is the decision that makes the rest of his life with her possible. The story suggests that, far from making this pair antagonists, their love for language and competition becomes the basis for their affection. For example, after William proposes, he strikes a deal that if he wins the Charles Oldham prize, Philippa will marry him. Even though William has already signaled that he hopes Philippa will win the prize (in memory of her dead father), this arrangement is at once a way of using competition as way of expressing love, and a way of subordinating the will to win to the need to show affection. That is, each one says they want to win, but secretly hopes they lose: Philippa wants to lose because she really does want to marry William, and William wants to lose because he really does want to help Philippa heal from her father's death. (The outcome, of course, is that they tie!)
In this way, the story, although mostly concerned with the comic details of their competition, actually subordinates their competitiveness to their mutual affection. The story's conclusion, in which Philippa suddenly dies and William, distraught, takes his own life, turns on an obscure crossword puzzle clue. William has underlined the word "whym-wham" in a Skelton poem, thereby winning an argument with his wife over whether such a word existed; his annotation ("Forgive me, but I had to let her [Philippa] know") could be taken to mean he had to let her know (even after death!) that she was wrong, but, more likely, it means he had to let her know that he could not exist without his life-long love and rival.

Why does Skeet lick Buck 's wounds?

John Thornton, the man who rescues Buck from the cruel hands of Hal, Mercedes, and Charles, has two dogs, Skeet and Nig. Skeet is a “little Irish setter” who befriends Buck easily soon after he joins John’s camp. Buck has many wounds from the hands of his previous owners, and Skeet “washes and cleanses” Buck’s wounds because she has a “doctor trait” that makes her want to take care of others. By licking Buck’s wounds, she offers her friendship to Buck. Also, the licking is a way of pampering Buck so as to soothe the pain he is feeling.
Buck and his mates undergo great difficulties at the hands of Hal’s family. First of all, Hal’s family is ill prepared for the long journey to Dawson. They carry with them excessive non-essential baggage: a heavy tent that Mercedes insists is useful for the cold weather, among other bits and pieces of household utensils. Once on the journey, the heavy load fell onto the road, scattering around the family’s belongings everywhere. Hal was then advised to reduce his load and to increase the number of sled dogs, which he did, however, without considering things such as the food to be eaten by the dogs through the journey. Even Buck knows that his owners “do not know how to do anything, neither can they learn.” They force the sled dogs to work through the use of the whip. Also, the difficulty of the rough “arctic travel” weighs down Buck’s owners so much so that they are permanently in a bad mood and therefore unkind to their dogs: “They were stiff and in pain; their muscles ached, their bones ached, their very hearts ached, and because of this they became sharp of speech, and hard words were first on their lips in the morning and last at night.” By the time that Buck comes across John Thornton, his pack is reduced from fourteen dogs to a small team of only five dogs, all of whom are “perambulating skeletons” for lack of enough food and rest. John rescues Buck from Hal’s thrashes when he is unable to rise, having fallen down on the trail from hunger and exhaustion. He takes Buck in and becomes one of the best owners Buck has in his domestic life.

What is Romanticism? Mention the characteristics of Romanticism with reference to the main poets who represented this era.

The Romantic Period, 1758–1832, explored many different topics, such as political revolution, appreciation for nature, and the birth of new literary landscapes. The most noted poets of that period, such as William Blake, William Wordsworth, Samuel Coleridge, and Lord Baron Byron, wrote about and discussed the social and political issues between England and France.
The British experience following the Restoration era (1660–1789)—under the English Monarchy—is uniquely captured a literary movement known as Romanticism (1798–1837). There was a new appreciation for the arts and celebrating natural life, and masses of British citizens were flocking to freshly built theaters, concert halls, pleasure gardens, libraries, and shopping districts.
An assortment of printed works were published and increasing numbers of literate women and men took an incredible interest in them. Above all, the simplicity of style aimed to give pleasure to readers—to express passions that everyone could recognize in language that everyone could understand. For example, according to John Dryden, John Donne’s (a rival poet) poems misguidedly “[perplex] the minds of the fair sex with nice speculations of philosophy, when he should engage their hearts, and entertain them with the softness of love.” Dryden’s poems would not make that mistake—like subsequent English critics, he values poetry according to its power to move an audience. Other poetry writers of Romantic period began taken on this new form of persuasive writing. A phrase from Horace’s “Art of Poetry” was interpreted to mean that poetry ought to be visual as verbal art.
Better known as a prolific literary movement in British history, Romanticism birthed literature that presented a clear contrast to seventeenth-century literature, where the insistence on reason, classicism, and realism prevailed.
http://www.centrostudilaruna.it/romantic-period-in-england.html

One has to mention also the Preface to Lyrical Ballads by Wordsworth and Coleridge, in which the "rules" and features are spelled out in details such as "powerful emotion recollected in tranquility."

Romanticism was a literary and artistic movement that lasted from the late 18th century to the middle of the 19th century. In terms of poetry, Romanticism is known as the successor to the previous period, Neoclassicism. Neoclassicism was a movement that paid homage to Classical literature. These poets stressed structure, order, and reason. Conversely, the Romantic poets focused more on subjectivity, emotion, and experimentation.
Given the Romantic's interest in subjective, emotional experiences in art, the poetry tended to be more personal than that of their Neoclassical predecessors. Wordsworth's poem "Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey" is about a the poet's return to a place of his youth. In perceiving this old haunt, the poet reimagines his experiences as a younger man. He finds a connection with nature once again and treats this act of perception as an active, rather than a passive, experience. In other words, the act of perceiving becomes like an act of creation. Finding such an intuitive experience this personally rewarding was a staple of Wordsworth's thinking as a poet. Poets like John Keats and Percy Bysshe Shelley shared this feeling.
Nature was certainly an important element for a lot of Romantic poets. But there was also a Gothic movement that came out of Romanticism. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus was the most famous of these. Like Wordsworth and the others mentioned, this was a work that got its inspiration from imagination. Although it is clearly a darker work of literature, it shares that idea of exploring the depths of the imagination.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge was another prominent Romantic poet. He and Wordsworth collaborated on Lyrical Ballads, one of the staples of Romantic poetry. His poems "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" and "Kubla Khan" explore dreams, psychological depth, and imagination.
William Blake, who sort of got the Romantic movement going, was a cultural critic, sculptor, and poet. His interest in religion and mysticism caused many to consider him a pre-Romantic.

What are the main roles of NADH and NADPH in the energy synthesis processes?

NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH are very similar molecules in both structure and function. Compositionally, they are differentiated only by the substitution of a phosphate group in NADPH, which is where the "P" in its name comes from. Metabolically, they behave in a similar manner as well; they are both referred to in binary terms because the presence or absence of a hydrogen determines the role they are capable of performing at a given time. Both are oxidizing and reducing agents, frequently shortened to "redox," meaning that they are capable either of donating or removing a pair of electrons, depending on their structure: the "+" forms are electron acceptors (oxidizers) and the "H" forms are electron donors (reducers). These terms can be tricky to manage; just know that whatever happens to one molecule, the opposite term is what happens to it at the end of the reaction; if NAD+ oxidizes (takes electrons away) from a molecule, the NAD+ becomes NADH, and we would say it has been reduced. Being comfortable with this terminology is mostly a matter of practice.
Oxidizers, in an overly simplified way, can be thought of as bond breakers, and reducers can be thought of as bond injectors. Basically, if you throw NAD+ or NADP+ at something, it will probably break that molecule into something smaller. If you throw NADH or NADPH at something, it will add new bonds to that molecule, making it larger.
Since they're so similar, it's worth asking why we need two different oxidizer/reducer agents in the body. The answer lies in their nature; since they can perform two functions, it's better to have one classified as "predominantly the reducers" and the other as "predominantly the oxidizer" by virtue of their quantity in the body. The amount of NADPH tends to be high, as it is used as a reducer, and NAD+ is kept high, so it can be used as an oxidizer.
You're probably familiar with NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH through respiration and photosynthesis. NAD+/NADH is primarily involved in respiration, and NADP+/NADPH in photosynthesis, although it has some functions in animals as well. The NAD+ performs an intermediary role between glucose breakdown and ATP synthesis; the NAD+ takes electrons from the glucose and becomes NADH, which then brings the electrons to the electron transport chain, which ultimately drives the synthesis of ATP.
NADPH, on the other hand, doesn't have a direct role in "energy synthesis." Since its job is to build molecules up rather than break them down, it can be said to have a role in the generation of glucose, but not in the release of its energy. On the other hand, NADPH is one of the products of the light reactions in the chloroplast membrane, so we could say that the "role" of NADPH in energy synthesis is as one of its products as well as an intermediary. 
http://watcut.uwaterloo.ca/webnotes/Metabolism/HMS.html

First complete this sentence with appropriate names/words of your choice: "As [name of character] awoke one morning from uneasy dreams, he found him/herself transformed in his/her bed into a(n) [adjective] [creature]." Then ,write the first few paragraphs of a story, beginning with the above sentence, in which the character attempts to go about his/her morning activities. Take it to the point where s/he encounters another person

It sounds like you've been given a creative assignment as a response to reading Franz Kafka's The Metamorphosis! The Metamorphosis is a novella which follows the transformation of Gregor Samsa, a traveling salesman who morphs into a "monstrous vermin" (sometimes represented as a cockroach or beetle). Gregor struggles to deal with this change, especially since it has inspired revulsion in his family; the novella closes with his death, which at long last restores some peace and relief to the household. It is ultimately an absurd story which remarks upon the nature of estrangement and the limits of human sympathy. 
The assignment you have been given--with the direction to have a character find him or herself changed in his or her bed into an "[adjective][creature]" and to then have him/her go about her his/her daily activities  and encounter another person--absolutely mirrors the plot of The Metamorphosis. I can't complete your creative writing assignment for you, as that would involve you committing an act of plagiarism, which I'm sure your school and teacher would not be pleased with! However, I can help give you some sample ideas to get you creative juices flowing:

"As Montana awoke one morning from uneasy dreams, she found herself  transformed in her bed into a purple hamster." You could then explore how some of Montana's former habits--brushing her long, blonde hair one hundred strokes before bed, putting on her fuzzy slippers, sipping a cup of tea--are no longer possible. When Montana tries to go to work as a real estate agent that afternoon to sell a single story mid-century home recently placed on the market, her potential buyers leave in a huff because they don't recognize her in her new hamster form.

"As Cristiano awoke one morning from uneasy dreams, he found himself transformed in his bed into a fat anteater." You could then follow up with the harrowing tale of how this destroys Cristiano's underwear modeling career. He no longer has an interest in drinking his morning protein shake, in attending his CrossFit session with his trainer, Julio, or in showing up on time to his 10:00 AM spray tan appointment. When Cristiano finally manages to drag himself to his photo shoot that afternoon--which was to be staged at a local park--he ends up blowing the whole thing by scarfing down the ants which have invaded the picnic basket instead of posing in his boxer briefs. 
Kafka's work is surreal and strange, and I would not hesitate to mimic those qualities in your own assignment. Get quirky or funny--the weirder, the better!