Who does Benjamin Franklin hope to help by writing his autobiography?

Benjamin Franklin's memoirs were intended initially for his son, William, who was a governor during the time of its writing. The autobiography initially only consisted of the first part: a summary of some of the political and social achievements Franklin had accomplished at the time. However, as he was still very active—particularly in the political arena—he decided to continue to write these memoirs to his son.
Eventually, however, his editor informed him that the memoirs would likely be beneficial for the general public, so he attempted to expand upon them. He lost many of the papers for the third part of his book while traveling to France but still managed to produce a large compilation. Finally, after his death, the book was released—unfinished—to the general public, and it has since become a hallmark of political literature for that period.

Benjamin Franklin was an influential public figure in Europe and America, and most people admired his accomplishments. Many had heard that he was writing an autobiography, but few had actually read it. It remained a secret document, until 1818, when the first copy was released to the public.
Who Was the Autobiography Meant For?
The reason why it took 30 years for the public to read Franklin's autobiography is because it wasn't meant for them. Benjamin Franklin wrote his memoirs for his son and family. Part 1 of the memoirs details his ancestry and early life until he got married to his wife. The other parts contain lessons he learned in the various public positions that he held throughout his lifetime.
Franklin's autobiography was dedicated to his family. He wanted them to learn the wisdom he had acquired throughout his life.
http://www.communicationcache.com/uploads/1/0/8/8/10887248/benjamin_franklin_-_autobiography_of_benjamin_franklin.pdf

At the beginning of his autobiography, Benjamin Franklin addresses his son, William, who was then the Governor of New Jersey. Franklin tells him that just as he, Benjamin, was interested in learning more about his ancestors in England, he imagines that his son might be interested in learning more about his father's life. Franklin also hopes to help his "posterity," or descendants, by telling them about his rise from his humble and obscure origins to his achievement of success and renown. He thinks that by reading his book, his descendants can imitate some of what has made him happy and successful. Franklin's book, which remained unfinished at the time of his death in 1790, was written over the course of several years (starting in 1771), though he stated at the beginning of his book that he hoped to write down some anecdotes over the course of a week.

Antigone is not to be stoned to death as originally planned. Why does the form of punishment suit Creon?

Normally, Antigone would be stoned to death for defying Creon's express orders not to bury Polyneices's body. But Creon cannot do that; he has to make an exception in her case. The reason is that Antigone is related to Creon; she's his niece. Not only that, but she's engaged to his son Haemon. According to the ancient Greeks the killing of a relative would bring down divine vengeance, not just upon the perpetrator but the community as a whole. So instead of having Antigone stoned to death, Creon decides to have her walled up in a cave. Although this will lead to her being starved to death, Creon will still be able to evade responsibility for it. Clearly, he thinks there's a difference between actively killing someone and just letting them die.
Creon's approach to the problem is ironic indeed, not to say hypocritical. He's expressly forbidden Antigone from burying her brother even though doing so could well incur the wrath of the gods. Yet when it comes to sorting out a problem of his own making—the execution of Antigone—he's quick to hit on a solution that cynically invokes divine law.

What is imperialism? What are the bad effects of imperialism in the rest of the world?

Imperialism is defined as forcefully imposing the rule and/or influence of a stronger nation over a weaker one. This control can be done economically, through military might, or political control. The word shares the same latin root as “empire”; imperialism is the expanding of an empire.
Many have argued that the very nature of imperialism is contrary to the free will and basic rights of all human beings. When people are forced to live under foreign rule, they have little to no say in how their lives and communities are governed. This was quite evident in the Soviet “satellite states” during the Cold War. Ukraine was essentially forced into a famine by Joseph Stalin, leaving the people to eat grass, vermin, rats, frogs, and even the corpses of those who had died during the famine.
The United States participated in what was known as the “Age of Imperialism” in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. After winning the Spanish-American War, the US became responsible for a variety of island nations in the Caribbean and the Pacific Ocean. A defining philosophy of this era was called the “White Man’s Burden,” based on a poem of the same name by author Rudyard Kipling. The piece encouraged white people to go and conquer remote civilizations in order to teach them how to live by modern, westernized standards. This demonstrates that a sense of racial superiority is often a motivation for a country and its citizens to participate in imperialism.
Other negative effects of imperialism include mass genocide and subjugation, as occurred when European powers first began landing in South and Central America. A striking example of the horrors produced by imperialism would be the Nazi expansion and domination of Europe in the 1930s and 1940s. Disease, hunger, slavery, and death are all documented byproducts of imperialist rule throughout human history.
http://www.historywiz.com/primarysources/marktwain-imperialism.htm

https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/pol116/imperial.htm

Negative effects in Africa because of the Colombian Exhange

The Colombian Exchange of the 15th and 16th centuries fostered the Atlantic slave trade. The effects of this on Africa were immense and brutal. The capture and forced deportation of young, healthy Africans between the ages of 18 and 40 took a toll on the continent's demographics. Back in Africa, the compulsory marches in which captured Africans took part were lengthy and lethal; many died before they even left for the New World.
Politically, the social structure was upended across the African continent, as long-standing relationships between ethnic and religious groups, soldiers and civilians, and neighboring communities shifted. Social rifts were created. Traditional African values were undermined. European intervention prevented African nations from organizing against them.
All this cultural chaos enabled the rise of vulturous regimes that still exist today and stifled economic and technological growth. Agricultural production was slow to stabilize, for example. Before a nation can industrialize, it needs agricultural security.
Ultimately, the slave trade sparked by the Columbian Exchange left Africa disorganized, defenseless, and underdeveloped. Everyone was simply too preoccupied with trying to stay free, fed, and alive.
http://www.inmotionaame.org/migrations/topic.cfm;jsessionid=f8302468501519129387155?migration=1&topic=9&bhcp=1

Please discuss IRAC Praesal v. Johnson and Graff v. Beard, and outline the legislative history upon which the courts in these cases relied.

Praesal v. Johnson
This is a case of a partial reversal of the trial court's judgment in favor of all plaintiffs involved. The case revolves around a man named Ronald Peterson, who broadsided another vehicle while experiencing a grand mal seizure. The driver of the other vehicle died from her injuries and her family filed a lawsuit against three of Peterson's doctors and the Sadler Clinic, where he received treatment. The lawsuit was filed on the grounds that the physicians had a duty to warn Peterson not to drive or to report his condition to the authorities.
The trial court determined that the three physicians involved in Peterson's treatment owed no duty to the deceased victim of the car accident or any third parties. The court of appeals upheld this judgment with the exception of the judgment in Dr. Wendenburg's favor. It was determined that, unlike the other physicians and the Sadler Clinic itself, Wendenburg did have a duty to the third party as a result of his prior knowledge of the patient's condition. The reversal of the trial court's ruling in Wendenburg's favor may be in contradiction with common law, which holds that negligence requires the presence of a legal duty, a breach of duty, and resulting damages.
Graff v. Beard
In this case, the court of appeals reversed the trial court's decision to dismiss an injured driver's claims of injury. The appellee injured driver filed a claim against the hosts at a party after a guest attending the party left and drove while intoxicated, resulting in an accident that injured the plaintiff. The trial court determined that the hosts had no legal duty to control the driver's actions simply because they had served alcohol at the party. This is based on a legislative history that holds that one individual has no legal obligation to control another's actions, even if it is feasible. The court of appeals reversed the trial court's dismissal and held that the hosts did have an obligation to the injured appellee.
http://www.lawschoolcasebriefs.net/2013/02/graff-v-beard-case-brief.html

Was it a dream or was he really whizzed into the future?

Nick Hornby's novel Slam centers around a teenage boy named Sam and the many connections in his life to teenage pregnancy. 
On his sixteenth birthday, Sam's girlfriend Alicia tells him she might be pregnant, and he does his best to avoid her. After celebrating his birthday with his fighting parents, Sam goes to his room and falls asleep. When he wakes up, it is somehow months later. Sam is at Alicia's house, and Alicia has had a baby. 
He lives a day in this future-life, but the next day he wakes up and is back in his normal timeline. Later on in the book, there are two more instances where Sam is "whizzed" to the future and then brought back. 
Throughout the book, there are not any clues that definitively tell us whether Sam is dreaming or actually being "whizzed" to the future, so it is up to the reader to decide which way they think it is. Alternatively, you could just say it is ambiguous and leave it at that. 

What does Jackson do with the money he gets?

The short story "What You Pawn I Will Redeem" by Sherman Alexie tells of a homeless Indian named Jackson Jackson who comes across his grandmother's regalia, which is gear that she used in powwow dances, in a pawnshop. Jackson explains that it's been missing for 50 years, it's important, and he wants it back. The pawnbroker tells him that he'll sell it back for 999 dollars and he'll give Jackson 24 hours to come up with the money. The rest of the story describes Jackson's quest for the money. In fact, he acquires money and then spends it several times.
First of all, the pawnbroker gives Jackson and his friends $20 to get started. They take the money to a 7-11 store and use it to buy liquor.
Next, Jackson goes into the Real Change newspaper office, and the kind Big Boss gives him 50 newspapers for free. Jackson manages to sell five newspapers for $5 and throws the rest of them away. With $4 he buys four MacDonald's burgers and eats them.
Jackson then takes the $1 he has left and $1.50 he finds in his friend Junior's sock, goes to a Korean grocery store, and buys a cigar and two scratch lottery tickets. One of the tickets wins another ticket, and this third ticket wins $100. He gives $20 back to the Korean grocery clerk who he claims to be in love with and so leaves the store with $80.
The next stop for Jackson is Big Heart's Indian bar in South Downtown. He spends the $80 for 80 shots of bad whiskey and shares the whiskey with everyone in the bar.
A policeman named Officer Williams gives Jackson $30. With that money, Jackson takes three Aleut Indians for breakfast at Big Kitchen in the International District. They have a big breakfast that leaves Jackson with $5.
Jackson takes the $5 back to the pawnshop and gives it to the pawnbroker. The pawnbroker thinks about it and decides to give Jackson his grandmother's regalia. Jackson then puts the regalia on, goes out on the sidewalk, and starts dancing.

At the beginning of the story, the pawnbroker gives Jackson twenty dollars. He is supposed to raise more money, so he can purchase his grandmother’s powwow regalia which had been stolen. He and his friends had visited the pawn shop with only five dollars among them.
The trio uses the money to buy three bottles of alcohol at 7-Eleven.
Later in the day, Jackson sells 5 newspapers from Real Change for a dollar each. He uses four dollars to buy a meal of cheeseburgers at McDonald’s, so he now has one dollar. He borrows one dollar and fifty cents from the still sleeping Junior so that he has a total of two dollars and fifty cents. He uses all of this money to buy “two scratch lottery tickets” and a cigar at the Korean grocery store. He wins a free ticket that, when scratched, wins him one hundred dollars. He gives twenty dollars out of the one hundred to Mary, the Korean woman behind the register. He then spends all of the remaining eighty dollars on drinks for himself and others at the Big Heart.
He is thrown out of the Big Heart, a drunken mess a little after two in the morning. At around 6 a.m., he meets Officer Williams, who gives him thirty dollars. He spends twenty-five dollars on breakfast for himself and the three Aleuts at the Big Kitchen, and he gives a five dollar tip to the waitress. He takes the remaining five dollars to the pawnbroker, who surprisingly gives him the powwow regalia even though the money is less than the required nine hundred and ninety-nine dollars.