What form of government did the Articles of Confederation create?

After the American Revolutionary War ended in 1781 with the final battle and surrender at Yorktown, Virginia, and the Treaty of Paris being signed in 1783, this led to America creating its own first plan of government. At this time though, the people of America had a fear that government in their new country could have too much power.
Because of this, when the Articles of Confederation was created, by all aspects it would come to be considered a weak form of national government. One reason that the Articles proved to be weak was that Congress had no power to tax the newly formed states that were previously colonies of Great Britain. Congress could not even regulate trade.
There was also no common currency when it came to money between the states. In addition, when it came time to vote, each state only had one vote, regardless of their size. Furthermore, only one branch of government was created under the Articles: the Legislative branch. This was Congress and it began as the Continental Congress during the American Revolution.
Later, it would be decided that a new, stronger government would need to be created, and this led to James Madison writing the U.S. Constitution, which featured two (2) more branches of government: the Executive and Judicial branches.

The Articles of Confederation established a system of government without a central authority, in which ultimate sovereignty resided with the individual states. The Articles, and the concept of radical republicanism on which they were based, had proved remarkably successful at mobilizing American patriots from different states to fight and defeat the British.
Yet the Articles, and the system of government they established, proved incapable of dealing with the political and economic challenges of the new nation. The lack of centralized government institutions prevented the United States from developing as a nation and taking its rightful place among the international community.
The country had incurred substantial debt in order to pay for its war against the British. Yet without a central bank or any kind of federal authority, it was unable to pay for the war. The American economy, already reeling from the aftereffects of the war, was damaged further by the loose, decentralized structure of the Articles of Confederation.
Under the Articles of Confederation, territorial disputes with foreign powers could not be fully addressed or resolved. Although such disputes affected the security of the United States as a whole, they could only be dealt with at the local level by individual states. The lack of a central government made it impossible for the United States to adopt a firm, coherent policy when it came to dealing with foreign powers.
Issues of domestic law and order were inadequately dealt with under the terms of the Articles of Confederation. If there was a serious public order disturbance—such as Shay's Rebellion, for example—it could only be handled by the state authorities. Yet if the individual state concerned was unable or unwilling to deal with the relevant disorder, then there was no possibility of concerted action at a nationwide level.