Summarize Carl Jung's theory of "consciousness." Please use at least 3 references. Also, please discuss the positive applications of the theory, and discuss the components of this theory that might make this theory challenging to apply. Discuss two ways in which this theory can be applied in a counseling setting. Include a description of how this theory can embrace multiculturalism and support culturally competent counseling practice.

Jung proposed that underlying one's individual or personal consciousness is what is called the collective unconscious, populated by archetypes and instincts that people share in common. Archetypes include the shadow, which is the animal side of the self and represents the creative and destructive forces of the self.
These archetypes come from "archaic remnants"—not from the individual's own mind. These remnants arise from evolution and the memories of our ancestors. For example, people's innate fear of snakes arises from the experience of their ancestors. Archetypes are similar across cultures, as they come from people's common experiences in the ancient past. As people develop, they form their own persona.
One of the applications of Jungian theory is the Meyers-Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI; see the link on Human Metrics below), which uses Jungian types, including introverts and extroverts, to understand one's personality style at work, in relationships, and as a parent. This is also an example of an application of Jungian theory that can be applied in counseling. Another positive aspect of Jungian theory, which can also be applied in therapy, is the idea of the "persona" that people wear to protect and defend their ego.
However, this theory is difficult to apply, as it is quite an extensive form of therapy, and it takes a long time for people to unpack their unconscious. In addition, this type of therapy may be expensive and not covered by insurance. The article below from the CG Jung Page explores how receptive Jungian psychology has been to different cultures and how it might become more supportive of multiculturalism.
Sources:
Jones, R. A. (2013). Jung’s “Psychology with the Psyche” and the Behavioral Sciences. Behavioral Sciences, 3(3), 408–417. http://doi.org/10.3390/bs3030408
Zhu, C. (2013). Jung on the Nature and Interpretation of Dreams: A Developmental Delineation with Cognitive Neuroscientific Responses. Behavioral Sciences, 3(4), 662–675. http://doi.org/10.3390/bs3040662
http://www.cgjungpage.org/learn/articles/analytical-psychology/6-re-imagining-ourselves-what-does-it-mean-to-be
http://www.humanmetrics.com/personality/type