How did American life change during the Great Depression?

Perhaps the first and most dramatic change was that the income of the average family dropped from $2,300 to $1,500, a change of approximately 40 percent. As banks collapsed, many people lost their savings and often their homes. Homelessness rose dramatically, and of the people who could still afford homes, many were forced into cramped, overcrowded shared accommodations.
As many men lost their jobs and the pay for existing jobs was reduced or became less secure, many women entered the workforce, sometimes taking service or light manufacturing jobs. Women also sometimes contributed to the household economy by tending a vegetable garden, raising poultry, or making and repairing clothing.
Families tended to become less stable, with marriage rates declining and desertion rates increasing. Many households, especially of ethnic minorities, were headed by a single parent. Birth rates also declined, as people were less able to afford having children. An increasing number of children were abandoned to institutions.
In response to changing economic circumstances, this became a great era of unionization, a movement that eventually led to rising wages and increasing job security for workers. Roosevelt responded to the Depression with the New Deal, the beginnings of a social safety net. Although some people were not affected by the Depression, many experienced a lower standard of living.
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