Thursday, July 9, 2015

What is the summary of "The Yellow Paper" by Charlotte Gilman?

Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s “Yellow Wallpaper” can be read as part short story, and part autobiography. Exemplary of the Gothic Romance genre of the nineteenth century, the story's plot draws on the convention of psychological horror; a critic of intimate power relations binding women to gendered social constraints during the period in the United States. Gilman’s brief fictional account of a married woman, ill yet under the care of her physician husband, John, offers a glimpse into customary marital expectations of the time, bordering on that of a feminine "patient" requiring care.
The Victorian calamity of female hysteria as trope within the lives of women of a ‘certain’ class appears within Gilman’s characterization of Antigone – a heroine borne of suffering. Introduction to the controlling idea within the story line emerges in the first passage,
“If a physician of high standing, and one's own husband, assures friends and relatives that there is really nothing the matter with one but temporary nervous depression -- a slight hysterical tendency -- what is one to do?” (Gilman, 1899, p. 1).
Gilman's story, told through the reflexive visual meditation of a lone woman confined by the psychological engagement with the wallpaper in her room, narrates the protagonist's struggle to define the space between reality and delusion, where ‘action’ is no longer present in a world where gender divisions permeate all communication and self-identity.
A fictional rendering of the feminine ‘unconscious’, the story addresses what is exposed to be an oft frightening retraction of women's reason in the face of spousal mastery in the private realm. Here, domesticity is a site of everyday psychological violence, as the protagonist confronts her own hallucinations, memory and subjection.
Confronting the conscription of women’s social nature to a childish state of ignorance, and even madness, alongside a restatement of masculine hegemony, "The Yellow Wallpaper" serves as an apt reflection of Victorian inquiry; a poignant intervention meant for a contemporary readership of the time.


In this story, a woman suffering from postpartum depression is "treated" by her doctor, who is also her husband. He prescribes "perfect rest" and will not allow her to read, write, work, or see anyone; in other words, she is allowed no intellectual stimulation whatsoever. As a result, she begins to obsess about the yellow wallpaper in her bedroom, the room in which she is kept for the majority of the day. At first, she believes that the wallpaper is making her sicker, but she gradually comes to believe that it is actually making her better. She studies it and studies it, as it actually gives her something to think about other than her own condition (about which she is not happy). 
Soon, she begins to feel that she sees a woman trapped in the wallpaper, just as she is essentially trapped in her room. She makes it her mission to free this woman from the wallpaper and begins to tear it off the walls in large strips.  Once she finally frees the woman in the wallpaper (in her delusional mind), she comes to believe that she herself is, actually, this woman who she has liberated. She seems to forget who she actually is, perhaps because her reality was too painful.

No comments:

Post a Comment

Summarize the major research findings of "Toward an experimental ecology of human development."

Based on findings of prior research, the author, Bronfenbrenner proposes that methods for natural observation research have been applied in ...