Shakespeare could be seen as a rebel, as he challenged many of the long-held beliefs of Elizabethan society. Among these were the role of women in society, the existence of divine right, and codes of morality.
At a time when women had few rights and privileges, were prohibited from receiving an education, and admonished for even speaking their minds, he created strong female characters whose intelligence, wit, and bravery stood in stark contrast to the Elizabethan patriarchal ideal. Also during this time, monarchs believed that since their power and position came to them directly from God, they were immune from mortal authority. Few of Shakespeare’s kings escape earthly judgement.
The strict codes common to Elizabethan society also determined the manner in which individuals from a particular societal class dressed. During this time, clothing conveyed social status, authority, and essentially, identity. Again, Shakespeare challenged this belief by the inclusion of cross-dressing in plays like Twelfth Night or by divesting kings of their crowns (and thereby, their identities), as he did in King Lear and Richard II. His use of cross-dressing was an affront to religious authorities, especially, as it was seen as challenging the idea of what was then considered a “natural” relationship. At a time when any affiliation with the supernatural, particularly witchcraft, was punishable by death, Shakespeare included supernatural elements in his plays: a ghost in Hamlet, witches in Macbeth, and fairies in A Midsummer Night’s Dream.
During Shakespeare’s lifetime, the theater itself was viewed by many as a dangerous place, one rife with immorality, perversity, and conspiracy. Censorship laws dictated dramatic content be free of any religious or political material. By couching his ideas in historical work and comedies, Shakespeare was able to evade his would-be censors.
Tuesday, October 1, 2013
What was Shakespeare's view on the world?
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