Who had the greatest impact—Booker T. Washington or W.E.B. Du Bois?

Both Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois had an impact on African American rights in the early twentieth century but in different ways.
Part of the difference was not only in the nature of their programs, but also in geography. Washington lived the realities of the Jim Crow South. Born into slavery and familiar with the harshness and violence of racism in the South, his program of economic self-sufficiency provided a means of improvement for the lives of African Americans without challenging the political status quo. In this sense, Washington's ideas were seen by many in white society as a "safe" or non-threatening movement. In contrast, DuBois's ideas were shaped more by the circumstances of the urban North. He was a highly accomplished academic and pushed African Americans to achieve at the highest levels of their professions. DuBois's Niagara Movement called for the fulfillment of civil rights and political freedoms of blacks immediately. Consequently, DuBois's ideas were a direct challenge to the racism, disenfranchisement, and segregation that African Americans were experiencing. In short, Washington's program was more impactful in the short run because it was viewed publicly as a reasonable alternative to DuBois's more radical ideas.
However, although Washington's program continued to be important, DuBois's ideas had more influence in the long run. His insistence on immediate full inclusion and civil rights for African Americans was very influential in the development of the modern Civil Rights Movement, after World War II. His influence was evident in Northern leaders such as Malcolm X and with younger activists such as the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.