Anytime you are given 2 functions f(x) and g(x) where the argument of g is an "adjustment" within the expression in parentheses in the form (x + h, where h is any real number) the graph of the parent function f(x) is shifted h units in the opposite direction to the sign. An example would be if f(x) = x^2 and g(x) = (x-5)^2, then the graph of g is simply the graph of f shifted 5 units to the right, as there is a - sign after x. With trigonometric functions, h represents a phase shift of h units in the opposite direction of the sign in front of it. Therefore g(x) = cos (x + pi) implies a shift of pi units to the left from the graph of parent function f(x) = cos x.
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