The French Revolution initially caused great enthusiasm among educated European contemporaries because it offered an example of people’s self-affirmation against the despotism of an autocratic government, promoted civil equality irrespective of social status, abrogated feudal privileges, and proclaimed individual human rights by adopting the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
Many people were dismayed when the same revolution later resorted to violence and terror against both its real and perceived opponents. Feminists, such as Olympe de Gouge and Mary Wollstonecraft, denounced the revolution’s failure to give equal civil rights to the female part of the French population.
Nevertheless, revolutionary France with its civic fervor, patriotism, egalitarianism, abolition of slavery, sense of global historical mission, and successful armed national self-assertion against the forces of the reactionary European powers remained a source of inspiration to revolutionaries and radicals across the world. Many of them sought to wrest independence for their own countries from the West or to liberate their countries from European colonial domination.
Lenin, for example, often declared the Russian Bolsheviks and their Red Army to be the rightful and legitimate successors of the French revolutionary Jacobins with their favorite slogan “Peace to the cabins, war on the palaces;” Lenin’s forces were fighting against the Whites and against British and French interventionist armies.
Sun Yat-sen, the first president of the Republic of China, acknowledged that the history of the French Revolution made a strong impression on him during his student years when he was gradually turning against the Manchu domination of China. Ho Chi Minh’s Declaration of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (1945) contains references to both the American Declaration of Independence and the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
Thursday, August 27, 2015
How did the French Revolution inspire the people of the world?
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