Sunday, May 1, 2016

In The Pioneers by James Fenimore Cooper, identify Natty's values and what can be said about the paradox of Natty's life given that he is one of the first pioneers in this valley.

Natty represents an interesting paradox in the novel. While he implicitly values all life, he is also an avid hunter. In the novel, Natty is the face of imperialism as well as the Other. In terms of racial heritage, Natty is white. Yet, culturally, he relates more to the Other than to his own kind. Natty is one of the first pioneers in the valley; yet, he favors the preservation of the virgin land rather than the progress civilization promises.
As we enjoy Natty's story (for The Pioneer really is his story), we are led to ponder the position of someone who is neither fully entrenched in the expectations of his kind nor fully accepting of every aspect of the culture he has adopted. Natty is certainly full of contradictions. He prefers to live a simple life in an untouched wilderness but can see no virtue in intermarriage between whites and Native Americans, a practice he considers miscegenation.
The novel is set in Templeton, a town that represents a new world civilization dependent on homesteading and modern agriculture. This new way of life is seen as an invasive venture by Natty. Unaccustomed to the laws of the wilderness, white settlers often kill game indiscriminately, with no thought of waste. In chapter 22, the townsfolk of Templeton fire a multitude of volleys into a flock of pigeons. Natty Bumppo stands apart from the crowd in disapproval. Meanwhile, Billy Kirby chides Natty for his uncompromising stance, maintaining that if the latter had to sow his wheat "twice and three times," he would be less sympathetic toward the birds.
Natty understands Kirby's position but argues that it is wasteful to "kill twenty and eat one." Natty acknowledges that the people must hunt to survive but still maintains that life in every form should be cherished. To prove his point, Natty kills a pigeon and stuns his fellow pioneers with the accuracy of his aim. He selectively picks out his game (whether fish, deer, or bird) and kills only what is necessary for survival. Among his fellow Americans, Natty is a paradox; he is white but rejects the ideological basis for western agricultural and civilizational expansion. At the same time, Natty is fiercely independent, unwilling to entertain romantic entanglements with either a white or native woman.
Natty's paradoxical nature precipitates a kind of postcolonial anxiety among his people. The challenge of how one classifies a man like Natty becomes a matter of obsessive concern in Templeton. Things come to a head when Natty is accused of hunting a buck out of season. Men are sent to search his hut, but the fierce nonconformist resists them. Gleefully, Mr. Lippet (the lawyer) announces that Natty must stand trial because he assaulted the magistrate and the constable who presented him with a search warrant.
Meanwhile, the sheriff gathers a posse of men to arrest Bumppo for these alleged crimes. In the end, Natty is imprisoned and fined. However, in a last act of defiance, he burns his hut so that no one can infringe upon his private space (without his express permission). Because Natty does not conform to the expectations of the occupying force (from which he derives his racial heritage), he is persecuted and marginalized. For more, please refer to the links below.
https://jfcoopersociety.org/

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