Wednesday, November 14, 2018

What are three steps in DNA identification?

I believe that this question is asking about the steps that labs will take to identify if DNA samples are a match for each other in something like a criminal investigation. This process is often called DNA fingerprinting. The process isn't overly complicated, but it does involve more than three steps. I'm not sure if the question is asking for a three step explanation or if it is just asking for any three steps.
Get a sample from which to take the DNA
Extract the DNA from the sample
Cut the DNA into segments using restriction enzymes
Separate the DNA fragments on a gel. This technique uses an electric current to move the DNA fragments over the gel, and they separate out by differences in their length.
The gel containing the DNA fragments is then placed in an alkaline environment. This helps with step 6.
Transfer the DNA to a "suitable membrane." This is often called the Southern Blotting Technique. Essentially the moisture from the gel is absorbed in this process, and the DNA fragments are pulled/transferred to the membrane. A replica of the original DNA is now showing on the membrane. It can now be compared to another sample.
https://biologywise.com/dna-fingerprinting-process

https://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/press/for-journalists/code-of-a-killer-1/a-beginners-guide-to-dna-fingerprinting

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