How are women portrayed by George Orwell in 1984?

Though in some of his fiction, Orwell's portrayal of women is generally sympathetic and relatively progressive, in 1984, arguably, he expresses views that are in part stereotypical and even misogynistic. Julia, though she loves Winston and provides the only positive element in his life, is also shown as anti-intellectual and somewhat shallow. Winston observes that she falls asleep in the middle of conversations (today, however, we know this as narcolepsy) and generally becomes bored whenever he discusses ideas. At the same time, Winston realizes that Julia has immediate insights into things that have eluded him, such as the reasons for the Party's suppression of sexual freedom. Also, if we are to believe what O'Brien tells Winston during his "reeducation," Julia "betrayed" Winston without hesitation.
On the other hand, Orwell is progressive in having Winston express the view that Julia's past affairs do not matter to him. This, however, is not so much the attitude that her "past" is none of his business as it is Winston's thinking that Julia's uninhibited sexuality is a "weapon" which, if adopted by all, will defeat the Party.
The other women in the story, who make brief appearances, are portrayed to some degree as victims. Mrs. Parsons, Winston sees, is terrorized by her own children and seems a "washed-out" housewife. Winston's own estranged wife, Katherine, is cold, unresponsive, and a submissive follower of Party doctrine. Winston's mother, in his regretful reminiscences of her, is like Mrs. Parsons, trapped by circumstances and bullied by the young Winston to the point that she takes her daughter and runs away from him. In the portrayal of Winston's mother's fate, Orwell is making a feminist statement, in my view, despite the stereotyped attitudes about women elsewhere in the novel.
The middle-aged woman Winston encounters after his arrest, whom he assumes is a sex worker, sentimentally says to him, "I might be your mother." Winston reflects that this is actually possible, since it is likely that "people change somewhat after twenty years in a forced-labour camp." The woman, somewhat paradoxically, can be seen as a sign of Orwell's insight and sympathy. The traditional suppression of women's freedom, perpetuated deliberately by the Party, in the "housewife" status is linked by Orwell to the fact that for some women, prostituting themselves is the only alternative.