What are two differences between the Republican and Democratic parties that may have an ethical impact on the American people?

The differences between the Democratic and Republican parties may have an ethical impact on the American people. In general, Republicans generally want fewer government regulations and interventions and view them as restricting freedom, while Democrats view these government actions as protective and enforcing equality.
Two specific differences between the Republican and Democratic parties right now have to do with trade and immigration. Under the Republican Administration, trade revenue recently has gone up with the repeal of regulations and ethically these actions will benefit Americans by reducing costs and creating jobs. Democrats point out that reducing government regulation of trade could cause safety issues and customer harm. Similarly, the Republicans have eased regulations on the oil industry, which drove down costs to consumers, while Democrats are concerned about the long-term environmental impacts of these decisions.
Immigration also impacts Americans because we are a nation of immigrants. The Republican Administration has sought to impose more restrictions on legal immigration and to heavily restrict illegal immigration, both arguably to benefit jobs and taxpayer outlays for American citizens, as well as increase security through more stringent vetting of immigrants. The Democrats, on the other hand, view the immigration problem as more complex with various tiers of immigrants who deserve more or less consideration for legal status. They also deny that immigrants pose a higher security threat than citizens. The recent moves to curtail immigration also sometimes appeared to be based on questionable motives such as the immigrant's country of origin or religion, which would be unethical.
Since both parties seem to have competing and polarized worldviews, any action by one party will likely raise ethical questions both positive and negative. A dynamic and ever-adapting balance between Republicans and Democrats such as we have now, with their complementary approaches to social order, seems to be the best, though imperfect, solution in a complex society.

Republicans and Democrats differ in views on many prominent issues, and the ethics of whether abortion should be legal or not has been highly polarizing since the Supreme Court ruled it a fundamental right in 1973. Republicans tend to staunchly oppose abortion (this stance is called pro-life), while Democrats tend to advocate that abortion remain accessible to all women (this stance is called pro-choice). Many pro-life individuals feel that human life begins at the point of conception, which would make abortion highly unethical, akin to murder. Many pro-choice individuals, regardless of whether they consider abortion palatable or not, feel that a pregnant woman has the right to decide the fate of the fetus in her womb. Pro-choice advocates often believe that life begins when a child is born, as opposed to at conception, which affects how they ethically view the abortion procedure.
Republicans and Democrats also differ dramatically in views on immigration, which can be considered an ethical issue since immigration policies directly impact people's lives and livelihoods. Republican immigration policies tend to be more restrictive than the policies of Democrats, which is demonstrated through the current administration's travel ban on immigration from certain countries and through President Trump's campaign promise of building a wall between the US and Mexico. The Obama administration's DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) policy, which extends grace towards undocumented individuals already in the country, is currently being phased out by the Trump administration and is a notable example of a Democratic president's work in immigration.
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