Ho Chi Minh, a Communist leader of Vietnam who was the leader of the Viet Minh (and who later helped found the Viet Cong), wrote this declaration in 1952 under the pen name Din. In this document, he writes that in 1951, the French colonialists under General de Lattre de Tassigny began to suffer defeats in their attempt to maintain control over Vietnam and that they requested American aid. As a result of this aid, American companies began to take over Vietnam and push aside the French. Ho recounts the horrors that the French resorted to, including pressing Vietnamese people into what he calls the French "puppet army," while the resistance in Vietnam formed organizations such as the Vietnam Workers' Party. In addition, the nationalist Vietnamese established a bank to finance their operations and frustrated the enemy by destroying roads and finding ways around the enemy blockade. The resistance also began to establish schools to educate their people and formed ties with other countries, such as China and Korea. Ho predicts victory for the Vietnamese people and the defeat of the French in Indochina.
The background of this document is that the French, whose control of Indochina had been taken over by the Japanese in World War II, attempted to regain control of the region after the war. Ho Chi Minh formed the Viet Minh to organize a movement for Vietnamese independence. In 1946, the French fought the First Indochina War against the Vietnamese, and in 1949, Emperor Bao Dai was installed as head of the unified State of Vietnam. (In the document, Ho refers to this regime as a "puppet government.") In 1950, China and the Soviet Union recognized Ho's government instead of the Bao Dai regime and provided weapons to Ho; that year marked a turning point in the war against the French, who finally fell in the battle of Dien Bien Phu in 1954.
Saturday, August 9, 2014
Summarize and provide context for the following primary source: https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/ho-chi-minh/works/1952/01/x01.htm
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